Shabbat
"Sabbath;" plural: Shabbatot. Refers to the 7th day of Creation. In the Hebrew Bible, Shabbat is juxtaposed to the construction of the Tabernacle that carried the tablets of the Law throughout the period of wandering.
Shabbat shalom
Literally, “Sabbath of peace.” Shabbat shalom is the customary greeting on Shabbat.
Kabbalat Shabbat
“Receiving Shabbat.” A special collection of prayers recited to welcome Shabbat on Friday evening.
Shabbat Zachor
"Shabbat of Remembrance;" the Shabbat immediately preceding Purim, it takes its name from the additional Torah portion--Deuteronomy 25:17-19--read that day--which begins with the word zachor (remember).
Shabbat HaGadol
"Great Sabbath;" the Shabbat that precedes Passover.
Oneg Shabbat
The "joy" of Shabbat—refers to refreshments after Shabbat services.
Shabbat Shuvah
"Sabbath of Return;" the Shabbat (sabbath) between the holidays of Rosh HaShanah and Yom Kippur. A special haftarah is read and traditionally the rabbi gives a sermon related to repentance.
Beit k’neset
“House of assembly.” A synagogue or gathering place for prayer, study, and other communal activities. It is the most common Hebrew term for synagogue, which also may be called a beit midrash (a house of study) or a beit t’filah (a house of prayer).
Shabbes
Yiddish and Ashkenazic Hebrew pronunciation for Shabbat (Sabbath).
Kiddush cup
Cup used for blessing wine on Shabbat, festivals and other events, i.e., weddings.